A relatively fast growing, massive, evergreen tree attaining heights of 15 - 20 m. It tolerates most soils but may only reach full size in deep, moist, enriched soils (it occurs naturally on both well drained and poorly drained sand). It will lose its leaves at about - 10°C and is hardy to about - 20oC. It is tolerant of heat if it has water. On dry sites it remains a dwarf. It is easily transplanted and is said to aid the growth of citrus.
The acorns were used by the Indians for thickening stews. They yield an oil which is said to be comparable to olive oil. Acorns can be roasted and made into coffee substitute.